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what comes to mind when you hear Loans? surely you are thinking about loans money that could be used for the purposes of the borrower. this helps the borrower to meet both urgent needs such as education cost, hospital fees and others.
not all the credit it smoothly, sometimes there is also a loans with bad credit. this is caused by the creditors who do not pay their credit bills. this could affect the borrower in the next loans. or can be in black list by lending institutions.
sinfulness loans is divided into two categories: long-term loans and short-term loans. Djangkan term loans usually is more than 180 days ranges such as loans capital for business. whereas short-term loans are loans with less than 180 days like payday loans are borrowed money to meet keperluannya before payday.
so you can choose the loans according to your needs and Traffic in return the loan. consideration and decided to avoid the bad credit someday.
On This discussion will be discussed on how to create a Gateway / PC Router using Ubuntu server. In this discussion it is assumed ubuntu has been installed.
There are two connection sharing function that applies in this case, that are:
1. The function in which the client / workstation in the LAN able to access the servers on the Internet.
2. Function is to allow the servers that we have in the LAN to be accessible and / or serving clients / workstations that exist elsewhere via a single Internet connection that we have.
Here are steps to share the internet connection using ubuntu server:
1. Make sure you have done setting the static IP address for both ethernet card.
In this example the first ethernet card (eth0) ethernet card is connected to the internet with public IP Address 118.98.212.43, IP Address and the second (eth1) is an ethernet card connected to a local network (LAN) with IP address 192.168.2.1.
2. Install DNS Server
3. Install the iptables package:
$ sudo apt-get install iptables
4. Turn on IP Forwarding on the server function is:
$ sudo sysctl-w net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1
5. net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1
6. Edit the file / etc / sysctl.conf
$ sudo nano / etc / sysctl.conf
7. Uncomment (remove the #) the following line:
# net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding = 1
8. Save, then type the following command:
$ Sudo / sbin / sysctl-p
CONNECTING A LAN TO THE INTERNET
To connect the LAN it is necessary to make the IP Masquerading
IP masquerading translates sources and destination address in the header of network packets. In this example ROUTER translate all network packets from different IP address in LAN (192.168.2 .*) so that the package appeared on the internet with IP Address 118.98.212.43. ROUTER remember all the network packets and then the network packet from the Internet (in response to local packages earlier) are amended and passed to the client's home.
Router system consists of four iptables commands.
The first command is forwarding packets from the Internet to the LAN (-A FORWARD).
$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-i eth0-o eth1-m state-state ESTABLISHED, RELATED-j ACCEPT
If this command is met with a packet in the network means:
Packet is received on eth0 (derived from the Internet):-i eth0
Packages sent to eth1 (go to LAN):-o eth1
The package was returned to the previously existing connections: - state ESTABLISHED, RELATED.
Furthermore, the kernel receives (-j ACCEPT) packets that met all three criteria. If there are network packets that come from the internet that do not meet these criteria then it will not be accepted.
Second command is still continuing, but with the opposite rule:
$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-i eth1-o eth0-j ACCEPT
If this command is met with the packet network means:
Received on eth1 (coming from the LAN):-i eth1.
Packages should be sent to eth0 (sent to the Internet):-o eth0.
The kernel receives a packet that meets the two criteria above, the package comes from the LAN and forwarded to the internet.
The third command is to record all incoming packets from the internet.
$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-j LOG
The fourth command is POST ROUTING. In this case only packets generated new connections are passed to table the NAT (Network Address Translation). Once a connection has been made for MASQUERADE, then the packet headers of the resulting connection (ESTABLISHED) amended, and the packets corresponding to the package of origin (RELATED) is amended in the same way as changing the original package. In this way the packet is a response from the original packet header modified and adapted so that the package is up to the requesting client (here the example IP Address 192.168.2 .*). The command:
$ Sudo iptables-t NAT-A POSTROUTING-o eth0-j MASQUERADE
If this command is met with a package should:
Generate a connection (if it can not make the connection sebuh will not be entered into the NAT table).
Sent to eth0 (out to the internet):-o eth0.
The kernel will then disguise (MASQUERADE) all the packages found both of these criteria, in other words all the packets originating from a local client changed IP address in the package (192.168.2 .*) to 118.98.212.43, and all the response packets from the internet changed too destination to the IP address of origin.
Here are four commands above:
$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-i eth0-o eth1-m state-state ESTABLISHED, RELATED-j ACCEPT
$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-i eth1-o eth0-j ACCEPT
$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-j LOG
$ Sudo iptables-t NAT-A POSTROUTING-o eth0-j MASQUERADE
If you want to limit the computers (clients) connected to the internet then the fourth order can be created like this:
$ Sudo iptables-t NAT-A POSTROUTING-o eth0-j MASQUERADE-s 192.168.2.0-192.168.2.32
Connecting Several Servers to One Connection Internet
DNAT (destination NAT) allows the client on the internet to send packets into the network servers located on the LAN. In this example of an SMTP mail server on 192.168.2.33 and Apache (Web) server at 192.168.2.34. Both are using the TCP protocol. SMTP uses port 25 and Apache using port 80. Both of these routing using the command PREROUTING (-A PREROUTING-t NAT):
$ Sudo iptables-A PREROUTING-t NAT-p tcp-dport 25-to-source 192.168.0.33:25-j DNAT
$ Sudo iptables-A PREROUTING-t NAT-p tcp-dport 80-to-source 192.168.0.34:80-j DNAT
In order for this command runs automatically when the computer is turned on then all of the above command should be stored in the file / etc / rc.local
Icons that represent devices in Packet Tracer in both Logical and Physical mode can now be customized to an individual users taste. The images used for Physical and Logical mode can be differently customized or the default image can be used for either Logical or Physical with the other being customized. A customized icon must be created by an external painting type of program and saved as either a .PNG or .JPG file. The recommend size of a custom icon is 45 x 31 pixels. If the graphic is of a different size, Packet Tracer will automatically resize the image to fit. So to maintain the best graphic control of the icons it is best to follow the recommended size.
To change an icon for a device, click on the device, which brings up the device configuration pop-up window. On the Physical Configuration Tab below the device image there are two buttons. One changes the icon in Logical Workspace, the other changes the icon in Physical Workspace. To change an icon image in the Logical Workspace follow these steps:
The new icon image is used in place of the default on the Logical Workspace. To change the image back to the default, follow these steps.
Module Name | Thumbnail | Description |
Linksys-WMP300N | | The wireless interface module provides one2.4GHz wireless interface suitable for connection to 802.11b networks. The module operates at 11 Megabits/second and supports protocols that use Ethernet for LAN access. |
PC-HOST-NM-1AM | | The PT-HOST-NM-1AM card features dual RJ-11 connectors, which are used for basic telephone service connection. The WIC-1AM uses one port for connection to a standard telephone line. The other port can be connected to a basic analog telephone for use when the modem is idle. |
PC-HOST-NM-1CE | | The PT-HOST-NM-1CE features a single Ethernet port that can connect a LAN back bone, which can also support either six PRI connections to aggregate ISDN lines, or 24 synchronous/asynchronous ports. |
PC-HOST-NM-1CFE | | The PT-HOST-NM-1CFE Module provides 1 Fast Ethernet interface for use with copper media. Ideal for a wide range of LAN applications, the Fast Ethernet network modules support many internetworking features and standards. Single port network modules offer autosen sing 10/100 (100BASE-TX) or 100B ASE-FX Ethernet. The TX (copper)version supports virtual LAN (VLAN) deployment. |
PC-HOST-NM-1CGE | | The single-port Cisco Gigabit Ethernet Network Module (part number PT-HOST-NM-1CGE) provides Gigabit Ethernet copper connectivity for acc ess routers. The module is supporte d by the Cisco 2691, Cisco 3660, Cisco 3725, and Cisco 3745 series routers. This network module has one gigabit interface converter (GBIC) slot to carry any standard copper or optical Cisco GBIC. |
PC-HOST-NM-1FFE | | The PT-HOST-NM-1FFE Module provides 1 Fast Ethernet interface for use with fiber media. Ideal for a wide range of LAN applications, the Fast Ethernet network modules support many internetworking features and standards. Single port network modules offer autosensing 10/100 (100BASE-TX) or 100BASE-FX Ethernet. |
PC-HOST-NM-1FGE | | The single-port Cisco Gigabit Ethernet Network Module (part number PT-HOST-NM-1FGE) provides Gigabit Ethernet optical connectivity for access routers. The module is supported by the Cisco 2691, Cisco 3660, Cisco 3725, and Cisco 3745 series routers. This network module has one gigabit interface converter (GBIC) slot to carry any standard copper or optical Cisco GBIC. |
PC-HOST-NM-1W | | The wireless interface module provides one 2.4GHz wireless interface suitable for connection to 802.11b networks. The module operates at 11 Megabits/second and supports protocols that use Ethernet for LAN access. |
Server-PT
The Server-PT provides one slot.
The Server-PT supports the same modules as the PC-PT except for the PC-HOST-NM-1AM module.
Printer-PT
The Printer-PT provides one slot.
The Printer-PT supports the same modules as the PC-PT except for the PC-HOST-NM-1AM module.
IPPhone-PT
The IPPhone-PT does not provide any slots.
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