HOW TO DIVIDING INTERNET CONNECTION USING PC ROUTER

On This discussion will be discussed on how to create a Gateway / PC Router using Ubuntu server. In this discussion it is assumed ubuntu has been installed.

There are two connection sharing function that applies in this case, that are:

1. The function in which the client / workstation in the LAN able to access the servers on the Internet.

2. Function is to allow the servers that we have in the LAN to be accessible and / or serving clients / workstations that exist elsewhere via a single Internet connection that we have.

Here are steps to share the internet connection using ubuntu server:

1. Make sure you have done setting the static IP address for both ethernet card.
In this example the first ethernet card (eth0) ethernet card is connected to the internet with public IP Address 118.98.212.43, IP Address and the second (eth1) is an ethernet card connected to a local network (LAN) with IP address 192.168.2.1.

2. Install DNS Server

3. Install the iptables package:
$ sudo apt-get install iptables

4. Turn on IP Forwarding on the server function is:
$ sudo sysctl-w net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1

5. net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1

6. Edit the file / etc / sysctl.conf
$ sudo nano / etc / sysctl.conf

7. Uncomment (remove the #) the following line:
# net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding = 1

8. Save, then type the following command:
$ Sudo / sbin / sysctl-p

CONNECTING A LAN TO THE INTERNET

To connect the LAN it is necessary to make the IP Masquerading

IP masquerading translates sources and destination address in the header of network packets. In this example ROUTER translate all network packets from different IP address in LAN (192.168.2 .*) so that the package appeared on the internet with IP Address 118.98.212.43. ROUTER remember all the network packets and then the network packet from the Internet (in response to local packages earlier) are amended and passed to the client's home.

Router system consists of four iptables commands.

The first command is forwarding packets from the Internet to the LAN (-A FORWARD).

$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-i eth0-o eth1-m state-state ESTABLISHED, RELATED-j ACCEPT

If this command is met with a packet in the network means:
Packet is received on eth0 (derived from the Internet):-i eth0
Packages sent to eth1 (go to LAN):-o eth1
The package was returned to the previously existing connections: - state ESTABLISHED, RELATED.
Furthermore, the kernel receives (-j ACCEPT) packets that met all three criteria. If there are network packets that come from the internet that do not meet these criteria then it will not be accepted.

Second command is still continuing, but with the opposite rule:

$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-i eth1-o eth0-j ACCEPT

If this command is met with the packet network means:
Received on eth1 (coming from the LAN):-i eth1.
Packages should be sent to eth0 (sent to the Internet):-o eth0.
The kernel receives a packet that meets the two criteria above, the package comes from the LAN and forwarded to the internet.

The third command is to record all incoming packets from the internet.

$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-j LOG

The fourth command is POST ROUTING. In this case only packets generated new connections are passed to table the NAT (Network Address Translation). Once a connection has been made ​​for MASQUERADE, then the packet headers of the resulting connection (ESTABLISHED) amended, and the packets corresponding to the package of origin (RELATED) is amended in the same way as changing the original package. In this way the packet is a response from the original packet header modified and adapted so that the package is up to the requesting client (here the example IP Address 192.168.2 .*). The command:

$ Sudo iptables-t NAT-A POSTROUTING-o eth0-j MASQUERADE

If this command is met with a package should:

Generate a connection (if it can not make the connection sebuh will not be entered into the NAT table).
Sent to eth0 (out to the internet):-o eth0.

The kernel will then disguise (MASQUERADE) all the packages found both of these criteria, in other words all the packets originating from a local client changed IP address in the package (192.168.2 .*) to 118.98.212.43, and all the response packets from the internet changed too destination to the IP address of origin.

Here are four commands above:

$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-i eth0-o eth1-m state-state ESTABLISHED, RELATED-j ACCEPT
$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-i eth1-o eth0-j ACCEPT
$ Sudo iptables-A FORWARD-j LOG
$ Sudo iptables-t NAT-A POSTROUTING-o eth0-j MASQUERADE

If you want to limit the computers (clients) connected to the internet then the fourth order can be created like this:

$ Sudo iptables-t NAT-A POSTROUTING-o eth0-j MASQUERADE-s 192.168.2.0-192.168.2.32

Connecting Several Servers to One Connection Internet
DNAT (destination NAT) allows the client on the internet to send packets into the network servers located on the LAN. In this example of an SMTP mail server on 192.168.2.33 and Apache (Web) server at 192.168.2.34. Both are using the TCP protocol. SMTP uses port 25 and Apache using port 80. Both of these routing using the command PREROUTING (-A PREROUTING-t NAT):

$ Sudo iptables-A PREROUTING-t NAT-p tcp-dport 25-to-source 192.168.0.33:25-j DNAT
$ Sudo iptables-A PREROUTING-t NAT-p tcp-dport 80-to-source 192.168.0.34:80-j DNAT

In order for this command runs automatically when the computer is turned on then all of the above command should be stored in the file / etc / rc.local

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The Logical Workspace: Customizing Icons and Backgrounds (BG)

Using Custom Icons

Icons that represent devices in Packet Tracer in both Logical and Physical mode can now be customized to an individual users taste. The images used for Physical and Logical mode can be differently customized or the default image can be used for either Logical or Physical with the other being customized. A customized icon must be created by an external painting type of program and saved as either a .PNG or .JPG file. The recommend size of a custom icon is 45 x 31 pixels. If the graphic is of a different size, Packet Tracer will automatically resize the image to fit. So to maintain the best graphic control of the icons it is best to follow the recommended size.

To change an icon for a device, click on the device, which brings up the device configuration pop-up window. On the Physical Configuration Tab below the device image there are two buttons. One changes the icon in Logical Workspace, the other changes the icon in Physical Workspace. To change an icon image in the Logical Workspace follow these steps:

• Click on the device to be customized.
• Click on the Customize Icon in Logical View button.
• Select the image you want by clicking on it or use the browse button to navigate to a new directory and select the image.
• Click on the OK button.

The new icon image is used in place of the default on the Logical Workspace. To change the image back to the default, follow these steps.

• Click on the device to be customized.
• Click on the Customize Image in Logical View button.
• Click on the Reset button.

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Devices and Modules: End Devices

PC-PT

The PC-PT provides a console port and one slot.

Module Name	Thumbnail	Description
Linksys-WMP300N		The wireless interface module provides one2.4GHz wireless interface suitable for connection to 802.11b networks. The module operates at 11 Megabits/second and supports protocols that use Ethernet for LAN access.
PC-HOST-NM-1AM		The PT-HOST-NM-1AM card features dual RJ-11 connectors, which are used for basic telephone service connection. The WIC-1AM uses one port for connection to a standard telephone line. The other port can be connected to a basic analog telephone for use when the modem is idle.
PC-HOST-NM-1CE		The PT-HOST-NM-1CE features a single Ethernet port that can connect a LAN back bone, which can also support either six PRI connections to aggregate ISDN lines, or 24 synchronous/asynchronous ports.
PC-HOST-NM-1CFE		The PT-HOST-NM-1CFE Module provides 1 Fast Ethernet interface for use with copper media. Ideal for a wide range of LAN applications, the Fast Ethernet network modules support many internetworking features and standards. Single port network modules offer autosen sing 10/100 (100BASE-TX) or 100B ASE-FX Ethernet. The TX (copper)version supports virtual LAN (VLAN) deployment.
PC-HOST-NM-1CGE		The single-port Cisco Gigabit Ethernet Network Module (part number PT-HOST-NM-1CGE) provides Gigabit Ethernet copper connectivity for acc ess routers. The module is supporte d by the Cisco 2691, Cisco 3660, Cisco 3725, and Cisco 3745 series routers. This network module has one gigabit interface converter (GBIC) slot to carry any standard copper or optical Cisco GBIC.
PC-HOST-NM-1FFE		The PT-HOST-NM-1FFE Module provides 1 Fast Ethernet interface for use with fiber media. Ideal for a wide range of LAN applications, the Fast Ethernet network modules support many internetworking features and standards. Single port network modules offer autosensing 10/100 (100BASE-TX) or 100BASE-FX Ethernet.
PC-HOST-NM-1FGE		The single-port Cisco Gigabit Ethernet Network Module (part number PT-HOST-NM-1FGE) provides Gigabit Ethernet optical connectivity for access routers. The module is supported by the Cisco 2691, Cisco 3660, Cisco 3725, and Cisco 3745 series routers. This network module has one gigabit interface converter (GBIC) slot to carry any standard copper or optical Cisco GBIC.
PC-HOST-NM-1W		The wireless interface module provides one 2.4GHz wireless interface suitable for connection to 802.11b networks. The module operates at 11 Megabits/second and supports protocols that use Ethernet for LAN access.

Server-PT

The Server-PT provides one slot.

The Server-PT supports the same modules as the PC-PT except for the PC-HOST-NM-1AM module.

Printer-PT

The Printer-PT provides one slot.

The Printer-PT supports the same modules as the PC-PT except for the PC-HOST-NM-1AM module.

IPPhone-PT

The IPPhone-PT does not provide any slots.

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Configuring Clouds on Packet Tracer

The Config tab offers three general levels of configuration: global, connections, and interface. To configure at the global level, press the GLOBAL button to expand the Settings button (if it has not already been expanded). To configure connections, press the CONNECTIONS button to expand the list of connections, and then choose the connection. To configure an interface, press the INTERFACE button to expand the list of interfaces, and then choose the interface.

Global Settings
The only global setting available for a cloud is its display name.

Connection Settings
You can use the Frame Relay sub-panel to establish Frame Relay connections between sub-links on the ports of the cloud. Configure DLCIs on the serial interfaces first. Then, from the left side, choose a port and one of its sub-links. Then from the right side, choose another port and one of its sub-links. Press the Add button to make a connection between those two sub-links. The connection will now appear on the list. You can remove a connection from the list with the Remove button.
You can also use the DSL or Cable sub-panel to establish connections between modem ports (for DSL) or coaxial ports (for Cable) on the cloud to the Ethernet ports on the cloud. To establish a DSL connection, choose the appropriate modem port on the left-side drop down menu and on the right-side drop down menu choose an Ethernet port which has its Provider Network set to DSL. Press the Add button to make the connection. You can remove a connection from the list with the Remove button. To establish a Cable connection, choose the appropriate coaxial port on the left-side drop down menu and on the right-side choose an Ethernet port which has its Provider Network set to Cable.

Interface Configuration
Clouds can support four interface types: modem, Ethernet, coaxial, and serial. For a modem port, you can set a Phone Number which another device with a modem port can dial. For an Ethernet port, you can set the Provider Network to either DSL or Cable. For a coaxial port, there are no settings to configure. For a serial port, you can toggle its Port Status, choose an LMI (ANSI, Cisco, or Q933a), and assign DLCIs to the interface. To add a DLCI, enter an identifying number and a name for it, and then press the Add button to add it to the list. You can remove a DLCI from the port with the Remove button.

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Inexpensive Servers with eSecuredata

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With using cloud servers as your web hosting, you don’t need to spend much money because it is cheaper than other web hosting. Unfortunately with the cheap price some servers can’t provide the excellent service while you want to choose this one. There is only a little numbers of virtual servers that offer you the best for choosing this web hosting and one of them is eSecureData.com. Whenever you need the web hosting service, you shouldn’t be doubt to contact this place and it will be pleased to serve you with the best cloud servers web hosting.

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Wireless Links on Packet Tracer

You can establish wireless links between access points and end devices (PCs, servers, and printers). To establish a link, simply remove the existing module on an end device, insert a wireless module, and turn on the device. The device will automatically try to associate itself with an access point. Typically, this means it will associate (physically) with the nearest access point. See the Wireless Devices page under the Physical Workspace section for more information regarding distances. However, if two or more access points are in the same closet, the distance from any access point to any end device is essentially the same. In this case, an end device will associate with the access point that was created first. Recall that the logical topology does not reflect physical distances, and everything that is created in the Logical Workspace is initially placed in the same wiring closet in the Physical Workspace. The process for establishing wireless links between Linksys routers and end devices with Linksys network modules is similar, but described elsewhere.

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Connection / Links on Packet Tracer

As quoted from Packet tracer Help, that Generally Packet Tracer supports a wide range of network connections. Each cable type can only be connected to certain interface types.

1. Console

Console connections can be made between PCs and routers or switches. Certain conditions must be met for the console session from the PC to work: the speed on both sides of the connection must be the same, the data bits must be 7 for both or 8 for both, the parity must be the same, the stop bits must be 1 or 2 (but they do not have to be the same), and the flow control can be anything for either side.

2. Copper Straight-through

This cable type is the standard Ethernet media for connecting between devices that operate at different OSI layers (such as hub to router, switch to PC, router to hub). It can be connected to the following port types: 10 Mbps Copper (Ethernet), 100 Mbps Copper (Fast Ethernet), and 1000 Mbps Copper (Gigabit Ethernet).

3. Copper Cross-over

This cable type is the Ethernet media for connecting between devices that operate at the same OSI layer (such as hub to hub, PC to PC, PC to printer). It can be connected to the following port types: 10 Mbps Copper (Ethernet), 100 Mbps Copper (Fast Ethernet), and 1000 Mbps Copper (Gigabit Ethernet).

4. Fiber

Fiber media is used to make connections between fiber ports (100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps).

5. Phone

Phone line connections can only be made between devices with modem ports. The standard application for modem connections is an end device (such as a PC) dialing into a network cloud.

6. Coaxial

Coaxial media is used to make connections between coaxial ports such as a cable modem connected to a Packet Tracer Cloud.

7. Serial DCE and Serial DTE

Serial connections, often used for WAN links, must be connected between serial ports. Note that you must enable clocking on the DCE side to bring up the line protocol. The DTE clocking is optional. You can tell which end of the connection is the DCE side by the small “clock” icon next to the port. If you choose the Serial DCE connection type and then connect two devices, the first device will be the DCE side and the second device will be automatically set to the DTE side. The reverse is true if you choose the Serial DTE connection type.

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